The Underarm Bowling Incident
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Stuart Broad edged a ball clearly to slip but was given not out. He refused to walk, and Australia had no DRS reviews left.
The 2013 Ashes series arrived at a moment of heightened anticipation on both sides. England, under Alastair Cook, were defending the urn they had won in Australia in 2010-11 — a landmark series that had broken a 24-year drought. Australia, meanwhile, were in transition. The retired Ricky Ponting and Michael Hussey had left a leadership void, and Michael Clarke's side was a blend of veterans and exciting new talent, including a young spinner called Ashton Agar who would make history in this very Test.
The DRS (Decision Review System) had been a source of friction in Ashes cricket for years. Australia had been sceptical of the technology and the two boards had failed to agree on its implementation for the 2010-11 series. By 2013, DRS was in use for the Ashes, but each team was limited to a fixed number of reviews per innings. The strategic management of those reviews — knowing when to burn one and when to save one — had become a cricketing sub-discipline in itself.
The walking debate had long divided cricket along national and cultural lines. Australian cricket had a strong tradition of "walking" — batsmen voluntarily giving themselves out when they knew they had hit the ball, even if the umpire had not noticed. English cricket was more ambivalent: many professionals took the pragmatic view that it was the umpire's job to make decisions, and that batsmen who walked merely evened out the incorrect decisions that occasionally went against them. By 2013, walking had become rarer even in Australia, and its ethics were fiercely contested.
The first Ashes Test at Trent Bridge was a contest of absorbing drama from the outset. Australia, winning the toss and batting first, were dismissed for 280 despite a record-breaking debut innings from Ashton Agar, who came in at number 11 and clubbed a remarkable 98 in partnership with Phil Hughes. England's reply was faltering — they had slipped to 52/5 and were in serious danger of conceding a first-innings deficit when Stuart Broad came to the crease.
Broad was a capable lower-order batsman but his primary value to England was as a fast bowler. His innings in this context was about dogged resistance — giving the recognized batsmen time to regroup, soaking up pressure. Australia were bowling with controlled aggression, and Ashton Agar — already the hero of Australia's first innings — came on to bowl his off-spin. Broad shaped to play a defensive push and got a thick outside edge that flew straight to Brad Haddin behind the stumps.
Australia had already burned their two DRS reviews trying to overturn earlier decisions. When umpire Aleem Dar raised his finger — or rather, did not raise it, giving Broad not out — Australia captain Michael Clarke looked to his team for a review. But there were none left. Broad stood at the crease and made no move to walk. The tension on the field was palpable, the disbelief visible on Australian faces.
During the first Ashes Test at Trent Bridge, Stuart Broad edged an Ashton Agar delivery straight to Michael Clarke at first slip. The edge was enormous and clearly visible on replay — even Broad admitted later he knew he'd hit it.
However, umpire Aleem Dar gave him not out. Australia had already used their DRS reviews, so they couldn't challenge the decision. Broad stood his ground and went on to score 65, a crucial contribution in a match England won by just 14 runs.
The Australian media and fans were furious. Newspapers ran front-page headlines calling Broad a cheat. Australian crowds booed him relentlessly for the rest of the series.
Broad defended himself by saying it was the umpire's job to give him out and he was under no obligation to walk. The incident reignited the debate about the spirit of cricket versus playing within the rules.
Stuart Broad edges an Ashton Agar delivery to Brad Haddin behind the stumps — a clear, thick edge
Umpire Aleem Dar gives Broad not out — Australia believe it was a straightforward caught-behind
Michael Clarke looks for a DRS review but Australia have exhausted both their reviews
Broad stands his ground and refuses to walk, despite later admitting he knew he had hit it
Broad goes on to score 65 runs in a crucial partnership that puts England in a strong position
England win the first Test by 14 runs — a margin that would not have been possible without Broad's innings
Day 1
Australia bat first and are dismissed for 280, with debutant Ashton Agar scoring a record 98 from number 11
Day 2
England collapse to 52/5 in their first innings before Broad comes to the crease
Day 2, afternoon
Broad edges Ashton Agar's off-spin to Brad Haddin — a clear thick edge — but umpire Aleem Dar gives not out
Day 2, afternoon
Australia discover they have no DRS reviews left to challenge the decision; Broad refuses to walk
Day 2-3
Broad scores 65, helping England to 364 and a crucial first-innings lead of 84
Day 5
England win the first Test by 14 runs — a margin that Broad's innings directly enabled
“I'm not going to walk. The umpire is there for a reason. If I start walking, I may as well make all the umpiring decisions myself.”
“He knew he hit it. Every cricketer on the ground knew. That's not cricket — that's cheating.”
“The walking debate is finished. It ended right there at Trent Bridge. Nobody walks anymore and everybody knows it.”
“It's the umpire's call. We support Stuart completely. That's the game.”
The immediate aftermath was explosive. Australian media ran front-page headlines calling Broad a cheat, with the Sydney Morning Herald leading the charge. Social media was flooded with outrage from Australian fans, and several current and former Australian players publicly condemned Broad's behaviour. The phrase "cheating Pom" became a Twitter trending topic.
Broad's own response was characteristically unapologetic. In post-match interviews, he stated simply that it was the umpire's job to give him out and that he would do exactly the same again. He argued that if batsmen were expected to walk every time, the DRS would become redundant — and that the game had evolved beyond the walking convention. His England teammates rallied around him, with captain Alastair Cook supporting Broad's right to stand his ground.
Australia vowed to use Broad's refusal to walk as a motivational tool for the rest of the series. Crowds at Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, and Adelaide booed Broad relentlessly whenever he batted or bowled in the return Ashes series. The hostility was intense but Broad seemed to relish it, feeding off the crowd's anger and producing some of his best bowling performances under heavy Australian pressure.
Not out decision stood. Highlighted the limitations of the DRS review system and the walking debate.
The Broad incident of 2013 became a landmark moment in the walking debate — arguably the moment the convention was declared permanently dead at international level. No significant cricketing body subsequently argued that batsmen had an obligation to walk, and the episode crystallized the modern consensus: umpires decide, DRS corrects, and batsmen are under no ethical obligation to self-dismiss.
The incident also exposed a critical tactical dimension of DRS management. Australia's failure to preserve a review for the Broad dismissal raised questions about how teams allocated their challenges. In subsequent series, teams became more conservative with their reviews, treating them as precious resources to be kept in reserve for exactly this kind of situation. DRS coaching became a formal part of team preparation.
Broad himself seemed energized by the controversy. He went on to become one of the most effective fast bowlers in Ashes history, taking 32 wickets at extraordinary economy in the 2015 Ashes and producing a spell of 8/15 at Trent Bridge that demolished Australia. For all the Australian hostility towards him, Broad extracted a particular pleasure from tormenting them — and the 2013 incident was the origin of that contentious relationship.
Australia vs New Zealand
1 February 1981
Greg Chappell instructed his brother Trevor to bowl the last ball underarm along the ground to prevent New Zealand from hitting a six to tie the match.
Australia vs India
7 February 1981
Sunil Gavaskar was given out LBW to Dennis Lillee off a ball that clearly hit his bat first. He was so furious he tried to take his batting partner Chetan Chauhan off the field with him.
Australia vs India
2-6 January 2008
One of the most controversial Tests ever — terrible umpiring decisions, racial abuse allegations, and India threatening to abandon the tour.